Literal verb
I looked at the photograph.
Here, look means to direct your eyes towards something.
Improve your fluency with real-life meanings, examples and interactive practice.
Native English speakers use phrasal verbs constantly in conversations, films, emails, meetings and everyday situations.
Learning them will help you understand natural English and express your ideas more fluently.
Do not memorise phrasal verbs as isolated words. Learn each one inside a complete sentence.
A phrasal verb is normally formed by a verb and one or more particles. The particle may be an adverb, a preposition or a combination of both.
I looked at the photograph.
Here, look means to direct your eyes towards something.
I looked up the word in the dictionary.
Here, look up means to search for information.
The meaning of a phrasal verb is not always predictable from the meaning of the original verb.
Which sentence contains a phrasal verb?
B. “Look after” is a phrasal verb meaning “to take care of someone”.
Phrasal verbs can be classified according to whether they need an object and where that object is placed.
| Type | Structure | Definition | Example | Spanish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🚶 Intransitive | Verb + particle | It does not require an object. | She woke up early. | Ella se despertó temprano. |
| ↔️ Transitive and separable | Verb + object + particle | The object can be placed between the verb and the particle. | She put the book down. | Ella dejó el libro. |
| 🔗 Transitive and inseparable | Verb + particle + object | The verb and particle must remain together. | He ran into an old friend. | Se encontró con un viejo amigo. |
| 3️⃣ Three-word phrasal verb | Verb + particle + preposition | It contains two particles and is normally inseparable. | I look forward to seeing you. | Espero verte con ilusión. |
Three-word phrasal verbs are generally followed by an object: run out of milk, catch up with a friend and look forward to the holidays.
Identify the type of phrasal verb in each sentence.
With a noun object, both positions may be possible.
Turn off the television.
Turn the television off.
However, an object pronoun must go between the verb and the particle.
Turn it off.
Turn off it.
The object must come after the complete phrasal verb.
She takes after her mother.
She takes after her.
She takes her after.
Never separate an inseparable phrasal verb. Before moving the object, confirm whether the phrasal verb is separable.
1. Turn it down. 2. Takes after her. 3. Look the number up.
Learn the different meanings of eleven common phrasal verbs and see how each one is used in real-life situations.
| Phrasal verb | Definitions | Examples | Spanish |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🚗 Break down Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Averiarse, derrumbarse emocionalmente, dividir o fracasar. |
| 🎭 Make up Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Inventar, reconciliarse, constituir, compensar o maquillar. |
| 💬 Bring up Separable |
|
| Mencionar, criar, mostrar en pantalla o vomitar. |
| ❌ Call off Separable |
|
| Cancelar, suspender o hacer que alguien deje de perseguir o atacar. |
| ❤️🩹 Get over Inseparable |
|
| Recuperarse, superar o asimilar algo sorprendente. |
| 🕵️ Look into Inseparable |
|
| Investigar o examinar una posibilidad. |
| 📅 Put off Separable |
|
| Posponer, quitar las ganas, distraer o desanimar. |
| 📦 Run out of Three-word / Inseparable |
|
| Quedarse sin o agotar algo. |
| 🧬 Take after Inseparable |
|
| Parecerse físicamente o en personalidad a un familiar. |
| 🔉 Turn down Separable |
|
| Rechazar o reducir el volumen, la temperatura o la intensidad. |
| 🏋️ Work out Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Hacer ejercicio, resolver, calcular, comprender, salir bien u organizar. |
When a separable phrasal verb has a pronoun object, the pronoun must be placed between the verb and the particle.
She turned it down.
She turned down it.
Inseparable phrasal verbs must remain together:
She takes after her mother.
She takes her mother after.
Complete each sentence using the correct form of a phrasal verb from the vocabulary table.
To recover from an illness, difficulty or emotional experience.
It took him several weeks to get over the flu.
Superar o recuperarse.
To investigate a problem, complaint or situation.
The company is looking into the customer’s complaint.
Investigar.
To exercise, find a solution or develop successfully.
We need to work out a solution together.
Hacer ejercicio, resolver o salir bien.
To discover information or learn the truth about something.
I just found out that they are moving abroad.
Descubrir o averiguar.
To search for information. It can also mean that a situation is improving.
I looked up the word in an online dictionary.
Buscar información o mejorar.
To stop doing something or stop trying.
Do not give up. You are making progress!
Rendirse o abandonar.
Answer using one of the phrasal verbs above.
Explore the different meanings of nine common phrasal verbs and learn
how to use each one naturally in context.
| Phrasal verb | Definitions | Examples | Spanish |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🏳️ Give up Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Dejar un hábito, rendirse, abandonar, ceder, sacrificar o entregar. |
| 📖 Look up Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Buscar información, localizar a alguien, mejorar o mirar hacia arriba. |
| 🚕 Pick up Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Recoger, levantar, aprender, comprar, contestar, captar, mejorar, retomar, ligar, detener, contraer una enfermedad u ordenar. |
| 🏃 Catch up Intransitive / Usually followed by “with” or “on” |
|
| Alcanzar, ponerse al nivel, recuperar trabajo atrasado, ponerse al día, sufrir las consecuencias o dejarse llevar. |
| ✋ Hold on Intransitive / Often followed by “to” |
|
| Esperar, permanecer en línea, agarrarse, conservar, resistir, detenerse un momento o aferrarse a una idea. |
| 🧥 Put on Separable |
|
| Ponerse ropa, aplicarse algo, aumentar de peso, representar, encender, fingir, tomar el pelo, aumentar un precio, poner a cocinar u ofrecer un servicio. |
| 🔊 Turn up Separable / Intransitive |
|
| Subir la intensidad, aparecer, encontrarse, surgir, hacer un dobladillo o doblarse hacia arriba. |
| 🛠️ Set up Separable |
|
| Crear, organizar, instalar, configurar, presentar a dos personas, proporcionar recursos, tender una trampa, preparar una situación o colocar. |
| 🔍 Find out Separable in limited structures |
|
| Averiguar, descubrir información, enterarse, identificar una causa o descubrir la verdad. |
Some phrasal verbs require an additional preposition depending on their
meaning.
With a separable phrasal verb, an object pronoun normally goes between
the verb and the particle.
Please pick it up.
Please pick up it.
Could you turn it up?
Could you turn up it?
Complete each sentence using the correct form of a phrasal verb from
the vocabulary table.
Choose at least five phrasal verbs from the table and write a short
story of six to eight sentences.
| Structure | Formula | Example | Spanish |
|---|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + phrasal verb | She turned down the job offer. | Ella rechazó la oferta de trabajo. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + did not + base form | She did not turn down the job offer. | Ella no rechazó la oferta de trabajo. |
| ❓ Question | Did + subject + base form? | Did she turn down the job offer? | ¿Rechazó ella la oferta de trabajo? |
After did or did not, use the base form of the verb.
Did she find out the truth?
Did she found out the truth?
Please take off your shoes. Remove.
The plane took off at 7:30. Departed from the ground.
Her online business really took off. Became successful quickly.
Suggested image: split scene showing British conversation, an American business meeting and a plane taking off.
| Phrasal verb | Pronunciation | Help for Spanish speakers |
|---|---|---|
| 🛑 Give up | /ɡɪv ʌp/ | Approximately: “guiv ap”. |
| 🔉 Turn down | /tɜːn daʊn/ | Approximately: “tern daun”. |
| 🔍 Find out | /faɪnd aʊt/ | Approximately: “faind aut”. |
| 🏃 Work out | /wɜːk aʊt/ | Approximately: “uerk aut”. |
Connect the words naturally. Native speakers often pronounce the verb and particle as one rhythmic unit.
Word bank: find out · run out of · call off · get over · turn down · pick up
Describe a difficult or surprising day. Use at least five phrasal verbs from this lesson.
| Learning goal | Not yet | Almost | I can do it! |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🧩 I can recognise a phrasal verb. | □ | □ | □ |
| ↔️ I can use separable phrasal verbs correctly. | □ | □ | □ |
| 🔗 I can identify inseparable phrasal verbs. | □ | □ | □ |
| 💬 I can use phrasal verbs in conversation. | □ | □ | □ |
Practise these phrasal verbs with a professional teacher and improve your confidence in real conversations.
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